School Science Fair Project Ideas Memory

What could be more fun than testing your friends and familys memory skills? It is a subject that has fascinated people for centuries and memory is the perfect topic for a middle or high school science fair project. What Do We Know About Memory? Psychologists divide memory into three stores: sensory store, short-term store, and long-term store. After entering the sensory store, some information proceeds into the short-term store. From there some information proceeds to the long-term store. These stores are referred to as short-term memory and long-term memory respectively. Short-term memory has two important characteristics: Short-term memory can contain at any one time seven, plus or minus two, chunks of information.Items remain in short-term memory around twenty seconds. Long-term memory is stored in our brains forever.  We use recall to retrieve memories. Since your experiment cannot go on forever, you should probably stick with short-term memory for your science fair project. Memory Science Fair Project Ideas Prove that people will remember more numbers if given the numbers in chunks. You can do this by giving them a list of one-digit numbers first and see how many they can remember, recording your data for each person.Then, give each person a list of two-digit numbers and see how many of those numbers they can remember. Repeat this for three- and even four-digit numbers—most people will find four digit numbers the hardest to recall.If you use words, rather than numbers, use nouns like apple, orange, banana, etc. This prevents the person you are testing from making a sentence out of the words you have given.Most people have learned to chunk things together, so run separate tests with related words and with non-related words and compare the difference.Test gender or age differences. Do males remember more or less than females? Do children remember more than teens or adults? Be sure to log the gender and age of each person you test so you can make accurate comparisons.Test the langua ge factor. What do people remember better: numbers, words or a series of colors?For this test, you may want to use flash cards with different numbers, words or colors on each card. Begin with numbers and have each person you are testing try to memorize a series of numbers they are shown on the cards. See how many they can remember in one round. Then, do the same with nouns and colors.Can your test subjects remember more colors than numbers? Is there a difference between children and adults?Use an online short-term memory test. Within the links below, you will find two of the many memory tests available online. Have the people you are testing run through each of the tests while you watch them. Record how well they did along with data like their gender age and what time of day they took the test.If possible, test subjects twice at different times of the day. Do people remember better in the morning or the evening after a long day at work or school?Take your laptop or tablet to the sci ence fair and let people see how their own memory compares to your test group when they take the same test. Resources for a Memory Science Fair Project Penny Memory Test. DCity.orgChudler, Eric. On-line Short Term Memory Game (Grades K-12). Neuroscience For Kids. Seattle: University of Washington, 2019.

How Amino Acid Chirality Works

Amino acids (except for  glycine) have a  chiral  carbon atom adjacent to the carboxyl group (CO2-). This chiral center allows for stereoisomerism. The amino acids form two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other. The structures are not superimposable on each other, much like your left and right hands. These mirror images are termed  enantiomers. D/L and R/S Naming Conventions for Amino Acid Chirality There are two important nomenclature systems for enantiomers. The D/L system is based on optical activity and refers to the Latin words dexter for right and laevus for left, reflecting left- and right-handedness of the chemical structures. An amino acid with the dexter configuration  (dextrorotary) would be named with a () or D prefix, such as ()-serine or D-serine. An amino acid having the laevus configuration  (levorotary) would be prefaced with a (-) or L, such as (-)-serine or L-serine. Here are the steps to determine whether an amino acid is the D or L enantiomer: Draw the molecule as a Fischer projection with the carboxylic acid group on top and side chain on the bottom. (The amine group will not be at the top or bottom.)If the amine group is located on the right side of the carbon chain, the compound is D. If the amine group is on the left side, the molecule is L.If you wish to draw the enantiomer of a given amino acid, simply draw its mirror image. The R/S notation is similar, where R stands for Latin rectus (right, proper, or straight) and S stands for Latin sinister (left). R/S naming follows the  Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules: Locate the chiral or stereogenic center.Assign priority to each group based on the atomic number of the atom attached to the center, where 1 high and 4 low.Determine the direction of priority for the other three groups, in order of high to low priority (1 to 3).If the order is clockwise, then the center is R. If the order is counterclockwise, then the center is S. Although most of chemistry has switched over to the (S) and (R) designators for absolute stereochemistry of enantiomers, the amino acids are most commonly named using the (L) and (D) system. Isomerism of Natural Amino Acids All amino acids found in proteins occur in the L-configuration about the chiral carbon atom. The exception is glycine because it has two hydrogen atoms at the alpha carbon, which cannot be distinguished from each other except via radioisotope labeling. D-amino acids are not naturally found in proteins and are not involved in the metabolic pathways of eukaryotic organisms, although they are important in the structure and metabolism of bacteria. For example, D-glutamic acid  and D-alanine  are structural components of certain bacterial cell walls. Its believed D-serine may be able to act as a brain neurotransmitter. D-amino acids, where they exist in nature, are produced via post-translational modifications of the protein. Regarding the (S) and (R) nomenclature, nearly all amino acids in proteins are (S) at the alpha carbon. Cysteine is (R) and glycine is not chiral. The reason cysteine is different is that it has a sulfur atom at the second position of the side chain, which has a larger atomic number than that of the groups at the first carbon. Following the naming convention, this makes the molecule (R) rather than (S).

How Amino Acid Chirality Works

Amino acids (except for  glycine) have a  chiral  carbon atom adjacent to the carboxyl group (CO2-). This chiral center allows for stereoisomerism. The amino acids form two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other. The structures are not superimposable on each other, much like your left and right hands. These mirror images are termed  enantiomers. D/L and R/S Naming Conventions for Amino Acid Chirality There are two important nomenclature systems for enantiomers. The D/L system is based on optical activity and refers to the Latin words dexter for right and laevus for left, reflecting left- and right-handedness of the chemical structures. An amino acid with the dexter configuration  (dextrorotary) would be named with a () or D prefix, such as ()-serine or D-serine. An amino acid having the laevus configuration  (levorotary) would be prefaced with a (-) or L, such as (-)-serine or L-serine. Here are the steps to determine whether an amino acid is the D or L enantiomer: Draw the molecule as a Fischer projection with the carboxylic acid group on top and side chain on the bottom. (The amine group will not be at the top or bottom.)If the amine group is located on the right side of the carbon chain, the compound is D. If the amine group is on the left side, the molecule is L.If you wish to draw the enantiomer of a given amino acid, simply draw its mirror image. The R/S notation is similar, where R stands for Latin rectus (right, proper, or straight) and S stands for Latin sinister (left). R/S naming follows the  Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules: Locate the chiral or stereogenic center.Assign priority to each group based on the atomic number of the atom attached to the center, where 1 high and 4 low.Determine the direction of priority for the other three groups, in order of high to low priority (1 to 3).If the order is clockwise, then the center is R. If the order is counterclockwise, then the center is S. Although most of chemistry has switched over to the (S) and (R) designators for absolute stereochemistry of enantiomers, the amino acids are most commonly named using the (L) and (D) system. Isomerism of Natural Amino Acids All amino acids found in proteins occur in the L-configuration about the chiral carbon atom. The exception is glycine because it has two hydrogen atoms at the alpha carbon, which cannot be distinguished from each other except via radioisotope labeling. D-amino acids are not naturally found in proteins and are not involved in the metabolic pathways of eukaryotic organisms, although they are important in the structure and metabolism of bacteria. For example, D-glutamic acid  and D-alanine  are structural components of certain bacterial cell walls. Its believed D-serine may be able to act as a brain neurotransmitter. D-amino acids, where they exist in nature, are produced via post-translational modifications of the protein. Regarding the (S) and (R) nomenclature, nearly all amino acids in proteins are (S) at the alpha carbon. Cysteine is (R) and glycine is not chiral. The reason cysteine is different is that it has a sulfur atom at the second position of the side chain, which has a larger atomic number than that of the groups at the first carbon. Following the naming convention, this makes the molecule (R) rather than (S).

How Amino Acid Chirality Works

Amino acids (except for  glycine) have a  chiral  carbon atom adjacent to the carboxyl group (CO2-). This chiral center allows for stereoisomerism. The amino acids form two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other. The structures are not superimposable on each other, much like your left and right hands. These mirror images are termed  enantiomers. D/L and R/S Naming Conventions for Amino Acid Chirality There are two important nomenclature systems for enantiomers. The D/L system is based on optical activity and refers to the Latin words dexter for right and laevus for left, reflecting left- and right-handedness of the chemical structures. An amino acid with the dexter configuration  (dextrorotary) would be named with a () or D prefix, such as ()-serine or D-serine. An amino acid having the laevus configuration  (levorotary) would be prefaced with a (-) or L, such as (-)-serine or L-serine. Here are the steps to determine whether an amino acid is the D or L enantiomer: Draw the molecule as a Fischer projection with the carboxylic acid group on top and side chain on the bottom. (The amine group will not be at the top or bottom.)If the amine group is located on the right side of the carbon chain, the compound is D. If the amine group is on the left side, the molecule is L.If you wish to draw the enantiomer of a given amino acid, simply draw its mirror image. The R/S notation is similar, where R stands for Latin rectus (right, proper, or straight) and S stands for Latin sinister (left). R/S naming follows the  Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules: Locate the chiral or stereogenic center.Assign priority to each group based on the atomic number of the atom attached to the center, where 1 high and 4 low.Determine the direction of priority for the other three groups, in order of high to low priority (1 to 3).If the order is clockwise, then the center is R. If the order is counterclockwise, then the center is S. Although most of chemistry has switched over to the (S) and (R) designators for absolute stereochemistry of enantiomers, the amino acids are most commonly named using the (L) and (D) system. Isomerism of Natural Amino Acids All amino acids found in proteins occur in the L-configuration about the chiral carbon atom. The exception is glycine because it has two hydrogen atoms at the alpha carbon, which cannot be distinguished from each other except via radioisotope labeling. D-amino acids are not naturally found in proteins and are not involved in the metabolic pathways of eukaryotic organisms, although they are important in the structure and metabolism of bacteria. For example, D-glutamic acid  and D-alanine  are structural components of certain bacterial cell walls. Its believed D-serine may be able to act as a brain neurotransmitter. D-amino acids, where they exist in nature, are produced via post-translational modifications of the protein. Regarding the (S) and (R) nomenclature, nearly all amino acids in proteins are (S) at the alpha carbon. Cysteine is (R) and glycine is not chiral. The reason cysteine is different is that it has a sulfur atom at the second position of the side chain, which has a larger atomic number than that of the groups at the first carbon. Following the naming convention, this makes the molecule (R) rather than (S).

How Amino Acid Chirality Works

Amino acids (except for  glycine) have a  chiral  carbon atom adjacent to the carboxyl group (CO2-). This chiral center allows for stereoisomerism. The amino acids form two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other. The structures are not superimposable on each other, much like your left and right hands. These mirror images are termed  enantiomers. D/L and R/S Naming Conventions for Amino Acid Chirality There are two important nomenclature systems for enantiomers. The D/L system is based on optical activity and refers to the Latin words dexter for right and laevus for left, reflecting left- and right-handedness of the chemical structures. An amino acid with the dexter configuration  (dextrorotary) would be named with a () or D prefix, such as ()-serine or D-serine. An amino acid having the laevus configuration  (levorotary) would be prefaced with a (-) or L, such as (-)-serine or L-serine. Here are the steps to determine whether an amino acid is the D or L enantiomer: Draw the molecule as a Fischer projection with the carboxylic acid group on top and side chain on the bottom. (The amine group will not be at the top or bottom.)If the amine group is located on the right side of the carbon chain, the compound is D. If the amine group is on the left side, the molecule is L.If you wish to draw the enantiomer of a given amino acid, simply draw its mirror image. The R/S notation is similar, where R stands for Latin rectus (right, proper, or straight) and S stands for Latin sinister (left). R/S naming follows the  Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules: Locate the chiral or stereogenic center.Assign priority to each group based on the atomic number of the atom attached to the center, where 1 high and 4 low.Determine the direction of priority for the other three groups, in order of high to low priority (1 to 3).If the order is clockwise, then the center is R. If the order is counterclockwise, then the center is S. Although most of chemistry has switched over to the (S) and (R) designators for absolute stereochemistry of enantiomers, the amino acids are most commonly named using the (L) and (D) system. Isomerism of Natural Amino Acids All amino acids found in proteins occur in the L-configuration about the chiral carbon atom. The exception is glycine because it has two hydrogen atoms at the alpha carbon, which cannot be distinguished from each other except via radioisotope labeling. D-amino acids are not naturally found in proteins and are not involved in the metabolic pathways of eukaryotic organisms, although they are important in the structure and metabolism of bacteria. For example, D-glutamic acid  and D-alanine  are structural components of certain bacterial cell walls. Its believed D-serine may be able to act as a brain neurotransmitter. D-amino acids, where they exist in nature, are produced via post-translational modifications of the protein. Regarding the (S) and (R) nomenclature, nearly all amino acids in proteins are (S) at the alpha carbon. Cysteine is (R) and glycine is not chiral. The reason cysteine is different is that it has a sulfur atom at the second position of the side chain, which has a larger atomic number than that of the groups at the first carbon. Following the naming convention, this makes the molecule (R) rather than (S).

How Amino Acid Chirality Works

Amino acids (except for  glycine) have a  chiral  carbon atom adjacent to the carboxyl group (CO2-). This chiral center allows for stereoisomerism. The amino acids form two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other. The structures are not superimposable on each other, much like your left and right hands. These mirror images are termed  enantiomers. D/L and R/S Naming Conventions for Amino Acid Chirality There are two important nomenclature systems for enantiomers. The D/L system is based on optical activity and refers to the Latin words dexter for right and laevus for left, reflecting left- and right-handedness of the chemical structures. An amino acid with the dexter configuration  (dextrorotary) would be named with a () or D prefix, such as ()-serine or D-serine. An amino acid having the laevus configuration  (levorotary) would be prefaced with a (-) or L, such as (-)-serine or L-serine. Here are the steps to determine whether an amino acid is the D or L enantiomer: Draw the molecule as a Fischer projection with the carboxylic acid group on top and side chain on the bottom. (The amine group will not be at the top or bottom.)If the amine group is located on the right side of the carbon chain, the compound is D. If the amine group is on the left side, the molecule is L.If you wish to draw the enantiomer of a given amino acid, simply draw its mirror image. The R/S notation is similar, where R stands for Latin rectus (right, proper, or straight) and S stands for Latin sinister (left). R/S naming follows the  Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules: Locate the chiral or stereogenic center.Assign priority to each group based on the atomic number of the atom attached to the center, where 1 high and 4 low.Determine the direction of priority for the other three groups, in order of high to low priority (1 to 3).If the order is clockwise, then the center is R. If the order is counterclockwise, then the center is S. Although most of chemistry has switched over to the (S) and (R) designators for absolute stereochemistry of enantiomers, the amino acids are most commonly named using the (L) and (D) system. Isomerism of Natural Amino Acids All amino acids found in proteins occur in the L-configuration about the chiral carbon atom. The exception is glycine because it has two hydrogen atoms at the alpha carbon, which cannot be distinguished from each other except via radioisotope labeling. D-amino acids are not naturally found in proteins and are not involved in the metabolic pathways of eukaryotic organisms, although they are important in the structure and metabolism of bacteria. For example, D-glutamic acid  and D-alanine  are structural components of certain bacterial cell walls. Its believed D-serine may be able to act as a brain neurotransmitter. D-amino acids, where they exist in nature, are produced via post-translational modifications of the protein. Regarding the (S) and (R) nomenclature, nearly all amino acids in proteins are (S) at the alpha carbon. Cysteine is (R) and glycine is not chiral. The reason cysteine is different is that it has a sulfur atom at the second position of the side chain, which has a larger atomic number than that of the groups at the first carbon. Following the naming convention, this makes the molecule (R) rather than (S).

How Amino Acid Chirality Works

Amino acids (except for  glycine) have a  chiral  carbon atom adjacent to the carboxyl group (CO2-). This chiral center allows for stereoisomerism. The amino acids form two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other. The structures are not superimposable on each other, much like your left and right hands. These mirror images are termed  enantiomers. D/L and R/S Naming Conventions for Amino Acid Chirality There are two important nomenclature systems for enantiomers. The D/L system is based on optical activity and refers to the Latin words dexter for right and laevus for left, reflecting left- and right-handedness of the chemical structures. An amino acid with the dexter configuration  (dextrorotary) would be named with a () or D prefix, such as ()-serine or D-serine. An amino acid having the laevus configuration  (levorotary) would be prefaced with a (-) or L, such as (-)-serine or L-serine. Here are the steps to determine whether an amino acid is the D or L enantiomer: Draw the molecule as a Fischer projection with the carboxylic acid group on top and side chain on the bottom. (The amine group will not be at the top or bottom.)If the amine group is located on the right side of the carbon chain, the compound is D. If the amine group is on the left side, the molecule is L.If you wish to draw the enantiomer of a given amino acid, simply draw its mirror image. The R/S notation is similar, where R stands for Latin rectus (right, proper, or straight) and S stands for Latin sinister (left). R/S naming follows the  Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules: Locate the chiral or stereogenic center.Assign priority to each group based on the atomic number of the atom attached to the center, where 1 high and 4 low.Determine the direction of priority for the other three groups, in order of high to low priority (1 to 3).If the order is clockwise, then the center is R. If the order is counterclockwise, then the center is S. Although most of chemistry has switched over to the (S) and (R) designators for absolute stereochemistry of enantiomers, the amino acids are most commonly named using the (L) and (D) system. Isomerism of Natural Amino Acids All amino acids found in proteins occur in the L-configuration about the chiral carbon atom. The exception is glycine because it has two hydrogen atoms at the alpha carbon, which cannot be distinguished from each other except via radioisotope labeling. D-amino acids are not naturally found in proteins and are not involved in the metabolic pathways of eukaryotic organisms, although they are important in the structure and metabolism of bacteria. For example, D-glutamic acid  and D-alanine  are structural components of certain bacterial cell walls. Its believed D-serine may be able to act as a brain neurotransmitter. D-amino acids, where they exist in nature, are produced via post-translational modifications of the protein. Regarding the (S) and (R) nomenclature, nearly all amino acids in proteins are (S) at the alpha carbon. Cysteine is (R) and glycine is not chiral. The reason cysteine is different is that it has a sulfur atom at the second position of the side chain, which has a larger atomic number than that of the groups at the first carbon. Following the naming convention, this makes the molecule (R) rather than (S).

How Amino Acid Chirality Works

Amino acids (except for  glycine) have a  chiral  carbon atom adjacent to the carboxyl group (CO2-). This chiral center allows for stereoisomerism. The amino acids form two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other. The structures are not superimposable on each other, much like your left and right hands. These mirror images are termed  enantiomers. D/L and R/S Naming Conventions for Amino Acid Chirality There are two important nomenclature systems for enantiomers. The D/L system is based on optical activity and refers to the Latin words dexter for right and laevus for left, reflecting left- and right-handedness of the chemical structures. An amino acid with the dexter configuration  (dextrorotary) would be named with a () or D prefix, such as ()-serine or D-serine. An amino acid having the laevus configuration  (levorotary) would be prefaced with a (-) or L, such as (-)-serine or L-serine. Here are the steps to determine whether an amino acid is the D or L enantiomer: Draw the molecule as a Fischer projection with the carboxylic acid group on top and side chain on the bottom. (The amine group will not be at the top or bottom.)If the amine group is located on the right side of the carbon chain, the compound is D. If the amine group is on the left side, the molecule is L.If you wish to draw the enantiomer of a given amino acid, simply draw its mirror image. The R/S notation is similar, where R stands for Latin rectus (right, proper, or straight) and S stands for Latin sinister (left). R/S naming follows the  Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules: Locate the chiral or stereogenic center.Assign priority to each group based on the atomic number of the atom attached to the center, where 1 high and 4 low.Determine the direction of priority for the other three groups, in order of high to low priority (1 to 3).If the order is clockwise, then the center is R. If the order is counterclockwise, then the center is S. Although most of chemistry has switched over to the (S) and (R) designators for absolute stereochemistry of enantiomers, the amino acids are most commonly named using the (L) and (D) system. Isomerism of Natural Amino Acids All amino acids found in proteins occur in the L-configuration about the chiral carbon atom. The exception is glycine because it has two hydrogen atoms at the alpha carbon, which cannot be distinguished from each other except via radioisotope labeling. D-amino acids are not naturally found in proteins and are not involved in the metabolic pathways of eukaryotic organisms, although they are important in the structure and metabolism of bacteria. For example, D-glutamic acid  and D-alanine  are structural components of certain bacterial cell walls. Its believed D-serine may be able to act as a brain neurotransmitter. D-amino acids, where they exist in nature, are produced via post-translational modifications of the protein. Regarding the (S) and (R) nomenclature, nearly all amino acids in proteins are (S) at the alpha carbon. Cysteine is (R) and glycine is not chiral. The reason cysteine is different is that it has a sulfur atom at the second position of the side chain, which has a larger atomic number than that of the groups at the first carbon. Following the naming convention, this makes the molecule (R) rather than (S).

Explaining Diversity Essay - 1090 Words

Explaining Diversity The history of humanity has shown that the influences of a select few, charting their ideas of what is right and wrong, pure or dirty, black or white may all influence cultures; but these principles do not follow a certain direction. Rather, with the continuance of culture through time, the principles have diverged human experience into thousands of different cultures. In Biology as Ideology, the argument of genetic determinism arises; ones genetic makeup and other biological factors are the main determinants of individual behavior. This theory is greatly reliant on a culture looking for a direct cause and effect relationship between the genetic makeup of humans and social ability. Like this belief, the Origin Myth†¦show more content†¦Moreover, it tries to create a concrete definition of why there is cultural diversity among human beings. The Origin Myth performs a like function as well; It expresses, enhances, and codifies belief; it safeguards and enforces morality. The purpose of myth is very similar to the purpose of explaining Biological determinism. They both reason from human experience to establish cultural truth. They create a perfect world for themselves. Furthermore, Lewontin explains that we differ as humans because we were genetically trained to be unique by our parents. The struggle to define ones culture is relative to the past; Lewontin explains this by biological inheritance, while the Trobrianders explain by claiming their creation stemmed, from underground where men were organized to explain this. Again, they both create a perfect situation from their past to give truth and meaning to their culture today. Additionally, Biology as Ideology goes on to argue, there are certain inborn similarities among us all. But one must realize these innate similarities in both cultures are from an emic perspective. The two texts are similar because one must understand the assumptions within each culture before one may understand the myths themselves. In Biology as Ideology, one must understand the nature of the genome before one can understand how the gene determines individual and social character. In the Origin Myths, most Trobrianders pass on stories explainingShow MoreRelatedCreating A Culture Of Inclusion1521 Words   |  7 PagesDiverse Workforce I think that the article did a good job explaining why creating a culture of inclusion, can help a business attain organizational success. Even though inclusion initiatives can be hard to quantify in a business organization, if they are not properly implemented, the effects will be felt. I totally agree with some of the shortcomings of a lack of inclusiveness, which are high employee turnover, diminished performance levels, disinterest, and negative attitudes. 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principle of corporate finance solution Essay - 1401 Words

CHAPTER 2 How to Calculate Present Values Answers to Problem Sets 1. If the discount factor is .507, then .507*1.126 = $1 2. 125/139 = .899 3. PV = 374/(1.09)9 = 172.20 4. PV = 432/1.15 + 137/(1.152) + 797/(1.153) = 376 + 104 + 524 = $1,003 5. FV = 100*1.158 = $305.90 6. NPV = -1,548 + 138/.09 = -14.67 (cost today plus the present value of the perpetuity) 7. PV = 4/(.14-.04) = $40 8. a. PV = 1/.10 = $10 b. Since the perpetuity will be worth $10 in year 7, and since that is roughly double the present value, the approximate PV equals $5. PV = (1 / .10)/(1.10)7 = 10/2= $5 (approximately) c. A perpetuity paying $1 starting now would be worth $10, whereas a†¦show more content†¦From this equation, we can solve for the amount to be put aside each year. PV(boat) = $20,000/(1.10)5 = $12,418 PV(savings) = Annual savings Because PV(savings) must equal PV(boat): Annual savings Annual savings Another approach is to use the future value of an annuity formula: Annual savings = $ 3,276 22. The fact that Kangaroo Autos is offering â€Å"free credit† tells us what the cash payments are; it does not change the fact that money has time value. A 10% annual rate of interest is equivalent to a monthly rate of 0.83%: rmonthly = rannual /12 = 0.10/12 = 0.0083 = 0.83% The present value of the payments to Kangaroo Autos is: A car from Turtle Motors costs $9,000 cash. Therefore, Kangaroo Autos offers the better deal, i.e., the lower present value of cost. 23. The NPVs are: at 5% at 10% at 15% The figure below shows that the project has zero NPV at about 11%. As a check, NPV at 11% is: 24. a. This is the usual perpetuity, and hence: b. This is worth the PV of stream (a) plus the immediate payment of $100: PV = $100 + $1,428.57 = $1,528.57 c. The continuously compounded equivalent to a 7% annually compounded rate is approximately 6.77%, because: e0.0677 = 1.0700 Thus: Note that the pattern of payments in part (b) is more valuable than the pattern of payments in part (c). It is preferable to receive cash flows at the start of every year than to spread theShow MoreRelatedCorporate Finance 9th Edition Mini Case Solutions Essay1598 Words   |  7 PagesDownload Ebook Corporate Finance 9th Edition Mini Case Solutions PDF at Online Ebook Library CORPORATE FINANCE 9TH EDITION MINI CASE SOLUTIONS PDF Download: CORPORATE FINANCE 9TH EDITION MINI CASE SOLUTIONS PDF Are you seeking Ebook CORPORATE FINANCE 9TH EDITION MINI CASE SOLUTIONS PDF?. Acquiring Ebook Corporate Finance 9th Edition Mini Case Solutions PDF is easy as well as easy. Mostly you have to spend much time to browse on search engine and also does not get Ebook Corporate Finance 9th EditionRead More The Importance of Improving Communication Skills in the Business World998 Words   |  4 Pagesto move up the corporate ladder is interpersonal communication with co-workers and presentation speeches in front of the owners and financial managers. 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Dion Lee Free Essays

Sydney born Dion Lee is a 24 year old successful Australian born high end textile fashion designer who creates clear-cut, structured and tailored to perfection garments to create a perfect silhouette for the woman wearing his designs. He is one of the fashion industries youngest well known designers. Dion is inspired by the construction of clothing. We will write a custom essay sample on Dion Lee or any similar topic only for you Order Now He likes edge cutting garments which are extremely functional created with the combination of traditional tailoring techniques and modern concepts and techniques. His designs cater working class women who look for the smart casual look which is accomplished with the designer’s sharp blazers and also girls who are looking for a chic cocktail frock. Fashion designer Dion Lee launched his debut collection in 2008 and quickly cemented his status as one of Australia’s leading talents. Best known for his translation of architecture and science into â€Å"relaxed sophistication† Dion now attracts global attention, but still calls Sydney home. Believing that Sydney style reflects the physical landscape and its trans seasonal climate, Dion effortlessly designs collections balancing proportion and silhouette to create structures that â€Å"link the environment and the body†. â€Å"I design for a certain kind of contemporary feminine identity, there is a very strong connection within that kind of woman being Australian,† says Dion. With origami like precision, his work is an articulation of engineered construction and detailed resolution, running parallels between architecture and fashion with â€Å"the ability to draw something on a two dimensional level and materialising it on a three dimensional sensory level†. This season is no different. Utilising proportion, volume, texture and his signature prints, his current collection which recently debuted in the UK, is the perfect balance of structure and fluidity. Taking inspiration from the collaborations he seeks, Dion has previously joined forces with Cue Clothing to release his own collection and most recently worked with Kanye West and Fashion Editor of Harper’s Bazaar Christine Centenera on his London show, supported by a short film he created with Australian Director Lorin Askill. If it’s possible to balance complexity with simplicity, Dion Lee achieves this in volumes. An achievement that puts him on the â€Å"watch list†, a status that Sydney and the world will be monitoring. Check out Dion Lee’s collection at Westfield, David Jones and Incu. How to cite Dion Lee, Essay examples

Functions of Manager in an Organization Free Sample for Students

Question: Critically analyse the Roles, Functions that Managers perform and discuss the Challenges and Risks they have to address in todays Changing Organisations. Answer: Introduction Organizational behavior is the discipline which studies different aspects of humanistic and organization behavior. It is the scientific and theoretical approach to determining the prevalent behavior of any organization and also vice versa. A number of psychological as well internal organizational policies determine the type of behavior that co-exists between the staff and the organization. It is a causative effect, which is a reflection of the interaction between the two forces. In fact, organizational behavior involves the aspects of the human resources that it employs for their appropriate operation. It is the structural framework which is operated by the manpower agents which helps in maintaining and supervising the work force and the policies of the organization. It entails the functions of the manager, employees and the several department of the organization that are involved in operating all the function for the business processing and dealings. Functions of manager in an organization Managers are one of the integral parts of the complete structural process, which operates in an organization and has to fulfill a number of roles. It is multidisciplinary in nature, as they have to coordinate, regulate and critically analyze the situation, which is very significant in nature. Every organizations or institutions need a proper management team to execute their work or target in an organized way without any haphazard. It is the manager of that organization on whom the responsibility to manage the team and work, development of the organization largely depends on. A good manager will help his or her organization or company to reach its pinnacle by performing the basic functions like proper preparation, systematize, recruitment, leading and controlling the plans and staffs. It is the duty of the manager to maintain a proper sketch and map to achieve the desired goals. With the help of several investments, advertisement and improvisation he/she can increase the total revenue earned by the company and increase the sales or profit margin. A manager decides how to execute every step of a plan to make it successful. Proper organization of the plan is the second step for the manager. The manager organizes the team or the material of the work and assigns the team leaders or the staffs their portion of work. He should distribute the work accordingly as every work needs to be finished within the deadline. The two major elements of organizing is assigning work and granting authority (Gehman, Trevino Garud, 2013). Staffing is one of the major areas for the manager to focus because it is the work of the manager to recruit eligible staffs and train them so that they can execute the plans well. The human resource department of the companies always works in collaboration with the managers to recruit candidates for their company and always helps in the training period. The work of the manager does not end here. Manager is the leader on which everybody looks upon. The manager must possess some leader like qualities because he /she have to encourage, motivate and communicate with each and every staffs so that they can work well in a friendly atmosphere. The manager works as the coach of the company who guides and assists the employees in each step and understand their problems (Belleflamme Peitz, 2015). The manager should check on the results or the outcome of a proposal and plans. The manager is responsible for the functions and departmental structure of every moment and should have control over the project and the staff working over it. It is the manager who directs all the employees on how to work for the particular company and should have control over the work and the team. The manager also handles the operational and exceptional factors that are important to assess the serious and critical scenarios that often emerge while executing the business procedures. The qualification of the manager involves the strategies which they effectively use it in his team in order to achieve the best of the result that integrates the various factors of the In order to play several roles in the company to achieve the purpose. A good behaved manager is liked by all the employees and staffs who can share their problems to get a solution of that. Their schedule remains clogged as they have to meet w ith all the associates and the employees for smooth running of the work without any disturbances (Coleman, 2016). Values, ethics, diversity on organizational culture Organizational culture is defined as the nature and scientific approach of the values and ethics of the enterprise. Values like the human cultures and the way in which the organization behaves and coordinates helps them in a thorough manner. The impact of great values, as employment rules without any discrimination include under the value system. On the other hand, there should be no gender discrimination policies followed by the organization. Moreover, for achieving the best effectiveness there can be no limitation or compromise of talent. The impact of shared values, diversity policies, ethical rules and agenda are important to analyze the combine effect on the culture of the organization, which prevail the specific system in the enterprise. The framework and the regulatory ethics those are prevalent of the operational plane is encoded while formulating the regulatory framework that is incorporated within the culture of the organization. In fact, the diversity of the organization h elps in coordinating to accomplish a sound and coherent business for the concern. The work culture of the organization is the key to the survival of the employees and this involves the values that are integrated within the structure. Moreover, the acculturation of the culture and the combination of the social tendencies are accounted as the key points for the management of various diversities that must be incorporated within the structural framework. The fact that the code of conduct is important for setting the goals and objectives are formulated in all workplace area (Schuler, 2014). Appropriate research strategies for the appropriate organizational theories It aids in determining the best of the situations, which is essential for assessing the current statistics and placement of the company in the market. The best research strategies are important for the formulation of the tactics that are necessary in a business set up that involves that style and the functions of the managers. There are a number of organizational theories that are observed which have emerged after all the issues and challenges were identified in a specific scenario. It has arrived in the way of the managerial decisions. In fact, qualitative approach has been the chosen method for this method as there are a number of structures, which cannot be compared through quantitative values therefore; this subjective instance of reviewing the culture and the diversity can only be compiled with the basic analysis methods and priorities of the risk mitigation strategies. Qualitative analysis reason for comparing organizational theory with alternative theory The proposed method of the the organizational theory that have been followed by Apple Inc. is responsible for the best practices of the theory. According to, CEO Time Cook, We see diversity as everything that makes an employee who they are. We foster a diverse culture that is inclusive of disability, religious belief, sexual orientation, and service to country (the Guardian, 2017) .Therefore, this is the reason, which has encouraged following a coherent organizational structure. It concentrates on building the appropriate informational networks both outside and inside the company that enhances the cooperation within the sales team. In case of salary, Apple offers competitive perquisites alongside a base salary and commission. In addition to this, the employees are promised with successive growth and promotional opportunities. The diversity involves the learning involvement and outcome of the practices (Ritchel Chen, 2013). Role of ethics and ethical practice in Apple Apple Inc. is one of the most successful organizations in the world, which has majorly contributed, with some of the best technological apparatus. The introduction of the equal work and equal pay as introduced by the company has highlighted the total compensation policies that restrict the proper functioning of the scenarios. The practices that are followed by Apple Inc. are ethically correct with which they analyzing and realizing the the need for equality in terms of the hiring procedures and the welfare of the employees. The inclusions of the several types of policies, which entail the practices, are found in the statements like, Were cultivating diverse leadership and tech talent. Ethics and ethical practices are important in relation to the work culture as there are many issues, which must be followed as per the rules of the situation (Apple, 2017). There are a number of legit and basic rights, which are mandatory for the working employees and the value of their effort. This wil l ensure the best outcome in a synchronizing manner that will not decline any laws related to the treatment of the employees (Heracleous, 2016). The labor laws and regulations must be in accordance with the laws and practices that are relevant for the process of the best working culture. The policies and the regulatory framework of Apple Inc. promotes the association of a diverse set of cultures that are important for the According to the data as presented until 2016, it states that the, Weve achieved pay equity in the United States for similar roles and performance. Women earn one dollar for every dollar male employees earn and underrepresented minorities earn one dollar for every dollar white employeesearn (Hogan Coote, 2015). There are various types of diversity network associations, which help in creating the best of the practices in thriving the culture of Apple Inc. An ethical practice that is prevalent in the organization aids in coordinating and completes the whole procedures of treating the workers, the employees and the internal factors most importantly the human resource including the staff in the manufacturing unit. The regulatory and internal framework of the employees is the decisive factor of the success and image of the company. Apple Inc has a strong step of rules that have been incorporated in their memorandums, which states the rules to be followed in regards to the employee policies and the possibilities and prohibitions of the impact and its outcome (Apple, 2017). Role and legitimacy of the management function The role and importance of the approval of the management regarding to all policies and the decisions of leave, payment structure have a huge impact of the legal rights and concepts of the organizational practices. The function of the management is necessary to ascertain the impacts and the responses of the types of behavior they have in comprehending the cultural aspects that are incurred in the following manner .The political and social impact of Apple Inc is important in determining the prospect, which have consequence over the business and an insight in their work culture. The two most important aspects of the environmental analysis is the political and socio-cultural scenario, which are introductory in nature as the form the company and regard it as the fundamental of the specific statistics. It is an account of the business operations and the various factors, which determine the orientation of the enterprise in regards to organizational behavior and the practices that are integ rally followed by the organization. There are a number of organizational theories that are observed which have emerged after all the issues and challenges were identified in a specific scenario. It has arrived in the way of the managerial decisions. In fact, qualitative approach has been the chosen method for this method as there are a number of structures, which cannot be compared through quantitative values therefore; this subjective instance of reviewing the culture and the diversity can only be compiled with the basic analysis methods and priorities of the risk mitigation strategies (Apple, 2017). The establishment and the execution of the market theories have coordinated and the sense of the reaching out with an expensive product is an essential criterion of meeting with the purchasing power of the people. The political scenario is extensive in contributing the coverage and the situation that have caused an impact on the associated nature like its chap production in China and the retail policies of the government of USA where lies the headquarters and operational team. Reference Alvesson, M., Sveningsson, S. (2015).Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. Routledge. Apple. (2017). Inclusion Diversity. [online] Available at: https://www.apple.com/diversity/ Belleflamme, P., Peitz, M. (2015).Industrial organization: markets and strategies. Cambridge University Press. Bourne, H., Jenkins, M. (2013). Organizational values: A dynamic perspective.Organization Studies,34(4), 495-514. Coleman, J. (2013). Six components of a great corporate culture.Harvard Business Review,5(6), 2013. Fortune.com. (2017). How Apple Works: Inside the World's Biggest Startup. [online] Available at: https://fortune.com/2011/05/09/inside-apple/ Gehman, J., Trevino, L. K., Garud, R. (2013). Values work: A process study of the emergence and performance of organizational values practices.Academy of Management Journal,56(1), 84-112. Heracleous, L. (2013). Quantum strategy at Apple Inc.Organizational Dynamics,42(2), 92-99. Hogan, S. J., Coote, L. V. (2014). Organizational culture, innovation, and performance: A test of Schein's model.Journal of Business Research,67(8), 1609-1621. Krapfl, J. E., Kruja, B. (2015). Leadership and culture.Journal of Organizational Behavior Management,35(1-2), 28-43. Mercurynews.com. (2017). Workplace diversity: Apple employs far more blacks, Hispanics than its tech rivals The Mercury News. [online] Richtel, M., Chen, B. X. (2014). Tim Cook-Making Apple His Own.New York Times, Technology,15. Schneider, B., Ehrhart, M. G., Macey, W. H. (2013). Organizational climate and culture.Annual review of psychology,64, 361-388. Schuler, R. S. (2015). The 5-C framework for managing talent.Organizational Dynamics,44(1), 47-56. the Guardian. (2017). Apple reports improving racial and gender diversity among employees. [online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/aug/03/apple-diversity-report-race-gender-facebook-google#img-1 Waldman, D., Jensen, E. (2016).Industrial organization: theory and practice. Routledge.